Following is the tutorial of a DIY Nixie Clock implemented on Arduino; featuring a DCF77 receiver, alarm clock, timer, stopwatch, automatic brightness and more… The purpose of this page is to help electronics enthusiasts around the world to build their own Nixie Clock by reusing the whole or part of the current design and software. I hope you find this material useful and would be happy to hear your feedback in the comment box at the bottom of this page.

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Warning: Nixie tubes are powered by a dangerously high voltage of more than 170 Volts. The author of this page is not liable and takes no responsibility of any damage to living beings and things due to improper handling of the high-voltage parts. Please be aware that the current design has not been certified for safety, consequently it is not suitable for commercial applications and must be implemented at your own risk. If you are not fully confident in what you are doing or do not possess advanced electronics, debugging and soldering skills; please do not attempt this project and look for something simpler to begin with. Otherwise, i hope you enjoy working on this project.

About Nixie Tubes

A Nixie tube, or cold cathode display, is an electronic device for displaying numerals or other information using glow discharge. The glass tube contains a wire-mesh anode and multiple cathodes, shaped like numerals or other symbols. Applying power to one cathode surrounds it with an orange glow discharge. The tube is filled with a gas at low pressure, usually mostly neon and often a little mercury or argon.

To avoid cathode poisoning, the Nixie Clock ensures that all of the digits are being periodically lit by using one of the Cathode Poisoning Prevention routines. This clock has a built-in receiver for the DCF77 time signal. DCF77 is a German longwave time signal and standard-frequency radio station.
Night mode effect of Slot Machine (preventing cathode poisoning) Backlight switched ON/OFF Built-in battery socket, time backup during power interruptions Customers who viewed this item also viewed. Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1. This shopping feature will continue to load items when the Enter key is pressed. In order to navigate out of.

The most common form of Nixie tube has ten cathodes in the shapes of the numerals 0 to 9 (and occasionally a decimal point or two), but there are also types that show various letters, signs and symbols. Because the numbers and other characters are arranged one behind another, each character appears at a different depth, giving Nixie based displays a distinct appearance. Some Russian Nixies, e.g. the ИH-14 (IN-14), used an upside-down digit 2 as the digit 5, presumably to save manufacturing costs as there is no obvious technical or aesthetic reason.

“Slot Machine” Cathode poisoning prevention routine Programmable 16 milions colors LED tube lighting Neon colon indicators blinking at 1 Hz Tubes are driven in high frequency dynamical indication and provide service for many years All settings are stored in non-volatile memory First tube can be disabled if hours lower than 10 (optional).

Each cathode can be made to glow in the characteristic neon red-orange color by applying about 170 volts DC at a few milliamperes between a cathode and the anode. The current limiting is normally implemented as an anode resistor of a few tens of thousands of ohms.

Nixie tubes suffer from an effect called “Cathode Poisoning”. Whereas the cathodes of the digits that are not being regularly lit get contaminated by deposits emerging from more frequently lit neighboring digits. These deposits eventually lead to the partial or total failure of the affected cathodes. In oder to acoid cathode poisonoing, all of the Nixie tube’s cathodes must be powered-on at regular intervals.

Hundreds of variations of this design were manufactured by many firms, from the 1950s until the 1990s when they were displaced from the market by the LED and LCD displays.

The Nixie Clock is built around six IN-8-2 Soviet-made Nixie tubes shown in the above picture. This kind of tubes can display digit values from 0 to 9, complemented by a decimal point at the bottom-right side of the digit. These were produced at the Melz Tube Factory in Moscow. In contrast to other Soviet tubes (like the IN-14), these tubes have slightly larger digits relative to the overall tube height and don not use an inverted “2” for the digit “5”. According to the imprint on their back, the particular samples used for this project are dated 1974 and are still running good.

Features

The Nixie Clock runs off a 12 Volt power supply, however the Nixie tubes require a high anode voltage of approximately 180 Volts DC. The 12 Volts are up-converted using an off-the-shelf DC-DC converter; which ensures an adequate galvanic separation from the mains power supply. The tubes cathodes are driven by a K155ID1 cathode driver IC, which is a BCD-to-decimal decoder especially designed for this purpose. Each of the anodes is driven via a dedicated optocoupler (TLP 127).

The clock’s CPU is an Atmel ATmega328P microcontroller which runs on an off-the-shelf Arduino Pro Mini compatible board. The CPU has a clock frequency is 16 MHz, 2 Kilobytes of RAM and 1 Kilobyte of EEPROM. It features two separate programmable timers. Timer 1 is used for the main timekeeping, while lower resolution Timer 2 supplies the clock signal for the Countdown Timer and Stopwatch features.

The microcontroller drives the Nixie tubes via multiplexing. Which means that only one Nixie tube can be lit at any single moment in time. One single K155ID1 cathode driver chip is used for driving the cathodes of the tubes in parallel. Each of the anodes is individually driven using its own optocoupler. The microcontroller quickly cycles through the individual digits, while the persistence of the human vision creates the illusion that all of the digits are being simultaneously lit.

The brightness of the Nixie tubes is automatically adjusted to match the ambient lighting conditions. A photoresistor is used for measuring the ambient light intensity. Brightness is controlled by varying the power-on duty cycle of the Nixie tubes.

To avoid cathode poisoning, the Nixie Clock ensures that all of the digits are being periodically lit by using one of the Cathode Poisoning Prevention routines.

This clock has a built-in receiver for the DCF77 time signal. DCF77 is a German longwave time signal and standard-frequency radio station. It started service as a standard-frequency station on 1 January 1959. In June 1973 date and time information was added. Its primary and backup transmitter are located at 50°0′56″N 9°00′39″E in Mainflingen, about 25 km south-east of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. The transmitter generates a nominal power of 50 kW, of which about 30 to 35 kW can be radiated via a T-antenna. The DCF77 signal can be received within a range of around 2000 km away from the transmitter.

The time keeping is based on the 16 MHz resonator of the Arduino Pro Mini. Resonators are pretty inaccurate devices when compared to quartz oscillators. If used without any compensation measure, the resonator would yield to a clock drift of the order of tens of seconds per day. The Nixie Clock actively compensates for this clock drift by periodically calibrating the Arduino’s Timer1 frequency against the DCF77 time signal.

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The Nixie Clock uses a supercapacitor to provide backup power for the event of a main power loss. Once main power is disconnected, the microcontroller backs-up all of the settings to EEPROM and switches to a power-saving mode while continuing the timekeeping with the usual accuracy. Once the supercapacitor voltage drops below a certain threshold, the microcontroller switches into the next lev

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